Machines are made up of mechanical parts. Therefore, whether the designed machine meets the basic requirements, the quality of the part design will play a decisive role. The following basic requirements should be put forward for mechanical parts.

1) Strength, stiffness and life requirements. Strength refers to the ability of a part to resist damage. Insufficient strength of parts will lead to excessive plastic deformation or even fracture damage, causing the machine to stop working or even serious accidents.

Stiffness refers to the ability of a part to resist elastic deformation. Insufficient rigidity of parts will lead to excessive elastic deformation, causing load concentration, affecting the working performance of the machine, and even causing accidents.

Life is the period during which a part will work properly. Fatigue, corrosion of materials, wear of contact surfaces of relatively moving parts, and creep of parts at high temperature are the main factors affecting the life of parts.

2) Structural technological requirements. The parts should have good structural manufacturability. That is to say, under certain production conditions, parts should be easily and economically produced and assembled into machines.

3) Reliability requirements. The definition of part reliability is the same as the definition of machine reliability. The reliability of the machine is mainly guaranteed by the reliability of its constituent parts.

4) Economic requirements. The economics of a part mainly depends on the material and processing cost of the part.

5) Quality requirements. Minimizing quality is necessary for most mechanical parts. Reducing the quality can first save material, and on the other hand, reduce the inertial force of moving parts, thereby improving the dynamic performance of the machine.

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